Geography Coursework †Methodology †Centre Of Leeds’ CBD Free Essays

For my geography project I visited Leeds to try and find the economic centre of the CBD of Leeds. I needed to collect land use data as this would help me investigate the first of my hypotheses which is the nearer to the centre of the CBD, the taller the buildings as I counted the heights of buildings in my area on the geography field trip and with the groups data of the building height of the whole CBD. Also I would have needed to count the pedestrian flow as this would help me investigate the second of my hypotheses which is there will be a higher volume of pedestrians nearer the centre of the CBD . We will write a custom essay sample on Geography Coursework – Methodology – Centre Of Leeds’ CBD or any similar topic only for you Order Now The data collection area was near the centre of Leeds CBD as I collected my data around Briggate as the edge of the Leeds CBD is near the tall office buildings. a map to show the buildings that our group had counted in our square B2 and shows numbered square The two pieces of individual data that I collected was: 1. traffic count 2. Environmental quality assessment The two pieces of group data we collected was: 1. Pedestrian flow 2. Land use 3. Building height The individual secondary data that I will be collecting is: 1. Land values The structure of the day was that we were going to split the day into two halves. We collected the group data in the morning and the individual data in the afternoon so we had much more time to collect our individual data. Group data For our group data we split the CBD into grid squares and two people were responsible for recording the building height and land use for the buildings in the given area and to do four pedestrian flows and we did the pedestrians flow outside the Town Hall on Westgate. We did this so we could cover more area and therefore the data collection techniques had to be the same throughout the whole year. For the group data we calculated the Pedestrian flow in a certain area at four different times also we calculated of the building height of the buildings in my groups square and started straight after we got out off the coach. Also we did land use of the buildings for this we calculated what particular use a building would be. We put letters on a map of Leeds that sod for type of the building e.g. a=commerce, b =administration etc. All the data in the Group Data was to be shared between all the groups. The image on the left to shows my square which was B2 and the image on the right shows the building we had to investigate Building Height To collect data for building height I worked with a partner and we counted the number of windows of each building in our grid and used this as the height, we did this because we didn’t have the time or equipment to measure the exact heights. We then collected the whole of the year’s data and have a good number of buildings from each grid to see where the tallest buildings are also the Building Height was fairly easy at times as you had to count the floors on the outside of the buildings, but there were problems counting the building height as we agreed not to count the cellars, but some buildings on slopes had cellars at the back and ground floors at the front of the buildings and we did not agree to count these aswell. Pedestrian flow We marked out four points on our maps equally distant apart and took counts of people who pass us. One of our pair counted right to left and the other counted left to right so we could efficiently record everyone. We went to the Town Hall on Westgate and we counted the number of pedestrians who were walking either in or out of the CBD. We thought this was an ideal to do our pedestrian count as we were near the edge of the CBD, so it was an ideal place to count the number of pedestrians walking in and out of the CBD. Land Use For this we used the ground floor land use of each building on our maps; we had certain categories and we put them in the ones which best fitted the land use. We did this because the categories gave an idea of the type of land and what it was used for. We then collected them with the rest of the year’s data on a database to see the different land uses around the CBD. We had filled in the land use of the buildings in a table which has all the number of the buildings. I think that the amount of categories that sort out the buildings was the right amount because if there were more categories it would have made it more complicated to organise the Land use on GIS, if there was less categories then it would have made it hard to organise the different types of buildings in the categories. Luckily we had successfully had no problems classifying the buildings into different categories. Individual data For individual data I collected raw data for the two options I chose. I did this by going round Leeds CBD and recording the data. In the second part of the day we did Individual Data. I did 10 environmental quality assessments and I did 2 traffic counts as they took 5 minutes each and the environmental quality assessments were scattered around the Leeds CBD. Showing the whole map of Leeds CBD Environmental quality survey I did many of these all around the CBD of Leeds as I had done 10 environmental quality assessments and I had done many of these near the centre of the CBD as my investigation is to find the centre of the CBD of Leeds. I did many of the environmental quality assessments around the centre of the CBD (which I think it is near or on Briggate) and I did the rest of the environmental quality assessment sheets around the edges of the CBD. The reason I did the survey in different areas of the CBD was to see the difference of the quality of the environment throughout the CBD of Leeds. I also thought that this survey was important as the centre of the CBD is supposed to have the best quality of environment in the whole CBD of Leeds. As the table shows this is not true and the cleanest area is in Gourmet Pizzeria, St Paul’s Street. Shows the Quality of environmental survey I used Traffic count Our group did the Traffic count in a busy location. We did our traffic on Bishopgate Street, beside Leeds Train station. The reason of us choosing the location was because it was at the edge of the CBD meaning the traffic that we had counted had been going in and out of the CBD. We did 3 traffic counts at different times but at the same location as we wanted to see the change of the traffic flow throughout the day. In our traffic count we had counted all the vehicles that came passed the road, cars, buses, taxis e.t.c. The most amount of traffic that had come past our point (the highest number of vehicles an hour) was at 2.30 pm and there was 1524 Vehicles an hour. How to cite Geography Coursework – Methodology – Centre Of Leeds’ CBD, Papers

Sheng Siong free essay sample

FAIR price with quality service thats the business philosophy driving the Sheng Siong supermarket chain. We differentiate ourselves from our competitors not only by offering fairly priced goods but also excellent service. This way, we offer true value for money, managing director Lim Hock Chee said in a recent interview. Such a strategy has helped the company grow into a supermarket chain with 17 stores islandwide and headcount of over 2,000. Sales at the Ang Mo Kio outlet average $60,000 daily a far cry from the $3,000 daily takings when Sheng Siong opened its first provision shop there some 21 years ago.Previously, the family owned a farm in Punggol that supplied fresh pork to a neighbourhood market, which later closed down due to financial problems. Thats when we decided to open the Sheng Siong provision shop, Mr Lim told BT. Back then, as Mr Lim and his brothers Hock Eng and Hock Leng had no experience in running a provision shop, the family hired an experienced staff to oversee the purchasing of non-poultry products, while the brothers focused on the purchase and sales of fresh poultry. We will write a custom essay sample on Sheng Siong or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sheng Siong pays out 60 per cent of the chains profits as staff bonuses. In the early days, business cost was a major consideration, and so we hired only about four workers, with the other staff largely made up of family members. Today, it is paying about $30,000 in monthly rental for its 14,000 sq ft supermarket in Ang Mo Kio. Then in 1988, the brothers opened a second provision shop in Bedok, spread over 14,000 sq feet, followed by a third in Marsiling Road some nine years later. Sales at both outlets eventually grew to over $50,000 daily. Spurred by its success, Sheng Siong then went on a rapid expansion trail, opening some 14 new outlets between 1999 and 2006, the biggest being the one atTekka Mall with a floor space of 60,000 sq feet. According to Mr Lim, staff welfare is important as the business is very much service-driven. As such, the company provides meals, either a lunch or dinner, for all its staff every day. In addition, Sheng Siong pays out 60 per cent of the chains profits as staff bonuses. Explained Mr Lim: I tell my workers, it is the customer who is paying your salary, not me. That will drive home the importance of serving the customers well. The bonus scheme gives each of them a stake in keeping our customers satisfied and wanting to come back. The gross margin for the business ranges from 10 to 15 per cent, while net profit margin is about 5 per cent. While margins may not be high, we have a stable pool of loyal customers to sustain the business, he explained. Some 80 per cent of the shoppers at Sheng Siong are repeat customers. Between 2000 and 2005, revenues jumped from $45. 76 million to $381. 4 million, and for the first half of this year, the company chalked up sales of $212. 86 million. The supermarket chain is currently trying to raise its profile through advertising and renovations at the supermarkets.It will renovate the Katong outlet after Hari Raya. Sheng Siong says it is on the lookout for suitable locations to set up more outlets, and aims to open at least 10 supermarkets over the next five years. There are also plans to expand its operations into Johor Baru. Already, part of the sales at its Woodlands outlet comes from Malaysian tourists, and there are hopes that a new supermarket in Johor will help Sheng Siong service its Malaysian customers better. The company is looking for a new location for its warehouse ideally, one that can accommodate up to 10 times our current storage capacity, Mr Lim added.Its 100,000 sq ft warehouse is located in Marsiling. Earlier, the company had also spent more than $1. 5 million on a cutting-edge computer system that revolutionises stock management by creating a direct computer-based link to the companys various product suppliers. This ensures that the supplier of a particular product gets constant computer-generated updates on the sales volume, and cuts the additional storage cost for excess stocks. Mr Lim said the new technology will save both time and money in terms of paper work, warehousing and manpower. It can also be more nimble by keeping less stock in the warehouse.

Wap Site Evaluation UbMobileCom Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Wap Site Evaluation: Ub-Mobile.Com Essay, Research Paper The intent of this paper is a an in-depth reappraisal of a nomadic metropolis usher: uB-Mobile. First, some background information on uB-Mobile will be briefly reviewed. Following, the intent and map of uB-Mobile? s WAP site will be examined with peculiar attending paid to the? user experience? . Finally, some recommendations for betterment will be made. Background of uB-Mobile Harmonizing to uB-Mobile, it is a # 8220 ; taking supplier of enabling merchandises and services in the nomadic environment with focal point on the media industry # 8221 ; ( uB-Mobile Home, 2001 ) . The company began its concern in 1989 by supplying Global Positioning Systems ( GPS ) solutions for pilotage and Short Message Service ( SMS ) applications for vehicle trailing and traffic information. uB-Mobile? s entry into the nomadic web application sphere was a natural. Then, in 1999, they rapidly took a dominating lead in the industry and in 2000 signed a contract with AOL UK to do their metropolis ushers available on the AOL United Kingdom portal. We will write a custom essay sample on Wap Site Evaluation UbMobileCom Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page uB-Mobile? s City Guide came in first topographic point for the most advanced and entertaining nomadic web application during the 2001 Cellmania WAPPY Awards? ( Gold for uB-mobile, 2001 ) . uB-Mobile is based in Geneva, Switzerland. Purpose and Function One of uB-Mobile? s most known applications is their nomadic metropolis usher for wireless devices. It efficaciously combines mobility and instant entree to information to internet enabled nomadic phones. The rating of this nomadic application ( http: //www.ub-wap.com ) was accomplished utilizing the Openwave SDK, WAP Edition 5.0 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.openwave.com/products/developer_ products/ ) . This application was approached for rating as a user would utilize it? to acquire some utile or required information. This trial began with a conjectural holiday trip to London, England. While in London be aftering day-to-day activities, information on Tours of Buckingham Palace, the Home of Queen Elizabeth, might be required. Using uB-mobiles City Guide and an cyberspace enabled cell phone, the undertaking began. The most informations entry / key tablet intensive activity of the whole exercising was come ining the URL for uB-Mobile? s WAP site: www.ub-wap.com. After that, all choices were menu driven. The? place? page ( Figure 2 ) for the WAP site has choices for uB-City? s top five metropoliss or alphabetical choice list for taking the coveted metropolis. uB-Mobile presently covers 46 worldwide travel desinations ( Gold for uB-mobile, 2001 ) . uB-Mobile? s usher for London could be found either by looking at the top five metropoliss ( Figure 3 ) , which lists the major capitol metropoliss of Europe, or scrolling through the list of metropoliss in the J, K, fifty choice. An surfeit of information was found after geting at uB-London WAP site ( Figure 4 ) . Choices ranged from dining to amusement to land and air transit. The undertaking at manus of happening out about Tourss of the Queen? s house led to the Discover London bill of fare point. Again, an extended sum of information was available about touring London ( Figure 5 ) . The Sightsing choice was chosen. Once more, a really generous list of sightseeing locales was offered including the celebrated Madame Tussauds wax museum and Buckingham Palace ( Figure 6 ) . After merely six WAP cards, the coveted circuit information was found. In add-on, a huge sum of information on London that is available at the touch of a finger was besides discovered. Further probe on this site would turn up the same measure and quality of information. See Figure 7 and the full text of Figure 7 for an illustration of the quality of information provided. User Experience Most users are traveling to happen uB-Mobile on the universe broad web before happening them on the nomadic cyberspace. The initial feeling of the user O n both the wired and wireless cyberspace is first-class. One ground for this is because uB-mobile offers their ain WAP simulator ( Figure 8 ) to let users to utilize and research their radio site before hitting the route and paying roaming charges. Site pilotage is clear and simple, with adequate classs and subcategories so it is by and large easy to happen coveted information without doing eccentric intuitive springs. On pages that have long text that extends off the screen, the text scrolls to maintain the user from manually scrolling horizontally. Another clip salvaging characteristic is a call now link on pages that have telephone Numberss associated with them. For this illustration, upon making the Buckingham Palace card, a call now nexus was present to originate a call to the tourer information centre at Buckingham Palace ( see Figure 7 ) . The format for all the states listed is standardized leting for a more pleasant experience for people who travel frequently. A noteworthy characteristic of uB-Mobile? s City Guide is the Mood Matcher? . The Mood Matcher? allows the user to choose a # 8220 ; Location # 8221 ; and a # 8220 ; Mood # 8221 ; from a list. It so searches available constitutions or activities to run into the user? s demands. For illustration Hungry + Covent Garden would bring forth extra standards, the user can so take from such as Indian, Nipponese, or Vegetarian. Temper Matcher? guarantees a consequence and will ever do a suggestion ( uB-Wap Features, 2001 ) . Other helpful characteristics include a This Week In page that list particular events traveling on in the metropolis and pages with other assorted information such as wireless Stationss, currency exchange, and exigency telephone Numberss ( Dan, 2000 ; Rudkin, 2001 ) . Recommendations for Improvement uB-Mobile? s City Guide is highly good designed with merely several really minor issues that detracted from the overall experience. A characteristic that is perceptibly absent on most pages is a? back? button, although this is offset by some extent by a? travel to? ? button that allows the user to steer between different bill of fare degrees ( Dan, 2000 ; Rudkin, 2001 ) . Although the Search map is placed on the first page of each City Guide, it appears at the terminal of the list which may do users who know what they are looking for to scroll unnecessarily. Decision uB-Mobile? s City Guide has everything that a nomadic metropolis usher should hold. Easy, intuitive pilotage of pages that are full of information. uB-Mobile is invariably updating and adding new metropoliss in their usher. Bing this system is designed for and used in Europe, the lone existent drawback is traveling to be prohibitory high roaming fees. Equally shortly as the European Community chainss out continent broad Mobile phone entree, uB-Mobile? s service will be indispensable! Bibliography Mentions Dan. ( November 30, 2000 ) . A Regular Library of Guidebooks. Retrieved October 9, 2001 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.coolwapsiteoftheday.com/113000.phtml. Johnson, Simon. ( September, 2001 ) Gross sharing: The lone digesting inducement. OPENWAVE WML Pulse Europe. Retrieved October 9, 2001 from hypertext transfer protocol: //wmlpulse-europe.openwave.com/ document.asp? document_id=21 A ; chunk_id=71. Gold for uB-mobile. ( March 3, 2001 ) Retrieved October 9, 2001, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ub-mobile.com/news.shtml. Rudkin, Charles. ( March 3, 2001 ) . Site reappraisal: Ub-mobile. Retrieved October 9, 2001, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wap.com/share/osas/cache/artid550422.html. uB-Mobile Home. ( 2001 ) . Retrieved October 9, 2001, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ub-mobile.com/index.shtml. uB-WAP City Guides. ( 2001 ) . Retrieved October 9, 2001, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ub-mobile.com/wap_city_guides.shtml. uB-WAP Features. ( 2001 ) . Retrieved October 9, 2001, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ub-mobile.com/wap_features.shtml.

Free Essays on Bolivia

Bolivia is a country located in Central South America and to be exact with its location, it is found 17S, 65W on a compass. Quite a few neighboring countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Peru surround it. This is a country whose environment consists of humid and tropical climate, rugged terrain, lowland plains, soil erosion from overgrazing, and the beautiful Andes Mountain. To speak on Bolivia’s history it is part of the ancient Incan Empire known for their mineral wealth. With the original habitants be nomadic hunter-gathers the minerals at that time was not a big issue at the time. After Spaniards defeated the Incans most of the population left was summoned to become slaves. In 1825, they won their independence and named the country after the liberator, Simon Bolivar. When visiting Bolivia there are several sites to see and explore. Stopping by the Tiahuanaco Temple, Copocabaà ±a on Lake Titicaca, the village of Yumani, Sucre, and always stopping to the street markets is a most. Having the opportunity to ride on a ferryboat and see historical sites is fascinating. I would love to visit Bolivia to see for the shopping, boat rides, historical sites, their adoption program and the study abroad programs they offer. I would advice anyone who is interested in adopting under privilege children or engaging in an international study abroad program, that Bolivia is the place to go!... Free Essays on Bolivia Free Essays on Bolivia Bolivia is a country located in Central South America and to be exact with its location, it is found 17S, 65W on a compass. Quite a few neighboring countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Peru surround it. This is a country whose environment consists of humid and tropical climate, rugged terrain, lowland plains, soil erosion from overgrazing, and the beautiful Andes Mountain. To speak on Bolivia’s history it is part of the ancient Incan Empire known for their mineral wealth. With the original habitants be nomadic hunter-gathers the minerals at that time was not a big issue at the time. After Spaniards defeated the Incans most of the population left was summoned to become slaves. In 1825, they won their independence and named the country after the liberator, Simon Bolivar. When visiting Bolivia there are several sites to see and explore. Stopping by the Tiahuanaco Temple, Copocabaà ±a on Lake Titicaca, the village of Yumani, Sucre, and always stopping to the street markets is a most. Having the opportunity to ride on a ferryboat and see historical sites is fascinating. I would love to visit Bolivia to see for the shopping, boat rides, historical sites, their adoption program and the study abroad programs they offer. I would advice anyone who is interested in adopting under privilege children or engaging in an international study abroad program, that Bolivia is the place to go!...

Criminal Law Formal Legal Brief Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Criminal Law Formal Legal Brief - Case Study Example This decision was appealed by the officials from Burlington and Essex Counties. The US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit reversed the judgment by stating that any individual who has been incarcerated can be searched by officials without the need for suspicion that the person might be carrying weapons or drugs (Beler, 2011). Yes as Justice Anthony M. Kennedy said in support of a 5-4 majority that strip search of individuals who are arrested in a jail does not infringe the rights bestowed by the Fourth Amendment. Furthermore, the courts concluded that jail officials cannot effectively identify whether a prisoner will have contrabands based upon the nature of the offense or the criminal history (Beler, 2011). The principle is that the jails need to ensure safety and efficiency in order to ensure sound outcomes. Hence there was no violation of the Fourth Amendment according to the views of the court. The Court identified several instances where individuals who have perpetrated minor traffic violations have been capable of extreme belligerency and hostile behaviors. The Court cited the example of Timothy McVeigh who had been arrested for a minor traffic offense. The desire of jails is to ensure that the employees as well as the inmates can be safeguarded in an efficient and effective manner (Ha, 2011). The strip search policy is based upon achieving this objective. The Court concluded that sometimes there might be exceptions when the arrestees do not interact with other inmates or will not have access to the general population. The final decision by the Court was that it affirmed the decision made by the lower courts that the Fourth Amendment laws were not violated when jail officials engage in strip searching inmates in order to achieve the goals of safety and security. Some of the judges argued that there are certain exceptions to the rule (Wagner, 2012). They also argued that some strip searches might be unreasonable but this needs to

The Dilemma of Selecting a Suitable Recipient Case Study

The Dilemma of Selecting a Suitable Recipient - Case Study Example The 2 million-dollar donation of Dr. Jonathan Doe will greatly benefit the hospital. It will improve the facilities of the hospital and increase the scope of research on the cause and treatment of different illnesses. Thus, it will enable the hospital to respond to the needs of a greater number of patients. In addition, it is expected that more patients will be given appropriate treatment and medications if I conduct a heart transplant to Lisa. However, my decision to conduct a heart transplant to Lisa denies Jerry and Ozzie of the chance of survival. The three children of Jerry aged 14, 16 and 19 will be denied by a provider and a father. However, they may receive monthly support from the death insurance and pension of their father. Two of Jerry’s children can still avail financial support from his pension, while all of them can survive through his insurance. In addition, there is still a higher likelihood that Joanie can find a job or start a business through the insurance that she will receive after Jerry’s death. This justifies my decision to conduct heart transplant to Lisa instead of Jerry. The heart transplant to Lisa also denies the youth of knowledge and experience possessed by Ozzie in overcoming substance problems. He has agreed to serve as a counselor-mentor for a year in a particular organization if he gets the heart transplant. Undeniably, this will benefit a great number of youth who are confronted with drug and alcohol problems. This number is incomparable to the patients that will be benefited if Dr. Jonathan Doe donated 2 million dollars to the hospital. In addition, there is no assurance that Ozzie will be effective as a counselor-mentor in inducing change among the youth. Thus, it makes it reasonable to undertake heart transplant to Lisa rather than to Ozzie.

Rituals In Religion For Ancient Rome Theology Religion Essay

Rituals In Religion For Ancient Rome Theology Religion Essay Religion can be simplified as a belief or the faith that is believed to aid people in the problems of life. The beliefs are organized in relation to humanity and the spiritual world. In every religion in the world there are narrative, symbols, traditions and even histories that explain the religion belief. Each religion tries to give a meaning to life as well as explain the origin of life and the universe. Religions matters include rituals, sermons and even commemoration which differ from one religion practice to the other (Adkins Roy, 274). They define this through their religious scriptures and holy places. Religion in Ancient Rome was so intense the Romans regarded it, as theirs. They (Romans) also regarded themselves highly in terms of religion. They even attribute their success in the world to the unity and good relation with their gods. Historically, their leaders claimed to be in direct negotiations with their gods. This in turn made religion among Romans to be a hugely significant aspect. They did all they had to be identified religiously. The leaders were supposed to identify in terms of religion, and they mostly used to be the pontiffs. There is acutely much in the religion of the Romans and the way they carried out their religious practices. The Roman religion was something that was termed as practical and contractual. It was mainly based on knowledge, and the practice of prayer rituals and the sacrifices offered and not based on faith. Rome is thought to be the source of the religion particularly the catholic practice. However other communities in the world had their own beliefs and practices not to mention their religions. However, the Roman Empire is thought to have contributed to significant changes in other religions of the world. What is the impact of religion and rituals in the ancient Rome? The godà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s and goddesses of Rome were identified with the cities and lives in each of the cities. The gods lead people as they were consorted before any actions. They were offered sacrifices frequently in order to please them. The roman religious attitudes resulted to the state cult and influence on political as well as military events. Family heads were responsible in overseeing domestic rituals and players. In the Roman Empire, the issues to do with the religion were left in the hands of the state officials and not in the individuals care. During the ancient times in Rome there existed a number of religious posts where each one of them served a pivotal role in the organization (Rupke, 259). The early times in the roman religion, it was based on spirits and the people did not build mythologies like their Greek counterparts as they believed everything had spirit. The spirits were held responsible for any good or evil in the communities. This obliged th e Romans to keep the spirits happy through various worshipping and sacrifice offering to them. Proper performance of the rituals and the sacrifices was believed to keep the gods happy. The Romans had a practical approach to the issue of religion. This explained why they had a number of gods rather than believe in one powerful god. Their religion was not centrally originating or believed but was comprised of a number of rituals, superstitions and taboos. There also contained different traditions which were collected from different sources over time. Their religion was less spiritual but a relationship with external forces that they believed controlled their existence and well being. Various Origins are credited for the roman religion. Several gods and goddesses were bled for several religious influences. Many of these came via the Greek colonies from the southern part of Italy. Other had their origin from the old religions that existed in society. For example, they had a god known as Diana which was believed to originate from Latin. Many of the rituals and the sacrifices made by the Romans were done as per their belief that the gods and the goddesses needed to be pleased. They also prayed for them to have the good fortune in their actions. Therefore, sacrificial offerings were made to the roman gods. These sacrifices were specific and were highly respected in the society as well as highly ritualized. For example, the sex of animal sacrificed was supposed to correspond with the sex of the goddess or the gods to whom the sacrifice was meant for (Browne, 86). The upper gods were offered white animals and the black ones were offered to the underworld gods. There were public, and even private offerings done statues were erected along the streets and market places. Some of the sacrifices made during games, ceremonies, altar among others. The five posts (Vestal virgins, pontiffs, Haruspex, Flamens Augurs) formed the basis for the sacrifices made by the Romans. Each of the post had a meaning in the Roman Empire. Pontiff s were the advisors to the magistrates the Haruspex was a priest who was greatly regarded in the society and he was for predicting the future. The Augars were used to tell whether the gods were in support of any of the government action. The vestal virgins were never to let out the flame as their duty was to guard the sacred fire. They were also supposed to bake the sacred salt cake for use in a number of ceremonies. They were supposed to remain virgins (Browne, 90). The Roman calendar contained months and corresponding festivals. I.e. each month had festivals that were in honor of their gods. They were comprised of sober, joyful and dignified events. For example in the month of February, people were given 9 days to worship their dead ancestors, at this time businesses were closed, and no marriages were allowed as well as closing of the temples. A number of festivals followed where each occasion had a meaning to the Romans. Religion in the ancient roman religion was incorporated together with the state in their belief system. For example, a sacrifice to the gods or an oath was legally binding. Despite the strict following of religion by the Romans, the survival of religion depended on renewal and also affirmation of their beliefs as time changed as also the social and the attitude changes. Their beliefs were on unconnected traditions where many of them came from Greek rather than Italian foundation. As they lacked core basis of their beliefs, other religions found it easy to establish themselves in the Rome. Some of the cults that managed to find their way into Roman Empire are religions such as the goddess Cybele and Isiris and Osiris from Egypt (North, 44). The initial roman religion continued to be undermined by the increasing impact of the Greek philosophy such as the stoicism which in itself taught that there was a single god. As I summarize, it is clear that the issue of religion in the ancient Rome was rather municipal and not personal. When this is compared to todays Christianity, it is different. This is because in Christianity god is worshiped from the peoples love and the trust they have for him rather than fear as shown by the Romans in the ancient times. The roman took part in offerings to their gods as well as making sacrifices. They went ahead and established family religious practices which were carried out in their homes. They had a number of god and goddesses whom they believed were responsible for watching and take care of them if they treated them in accordance. This explains why the Romans performed the rituals and the actions they did. The roman religion was defined by a set of rules and rituals that were performed in the community. As seen, the religion community, tradition and the community prescribed the rituals that were to be performed at any given time. As time moved on there were changes and people could choose the religious group to follow from different groups that existed. The groups came in between the time of Caesar and Augustine who ruled in the 4th and 5th centuries respectively. The impact of religion in the Roman Empire was felt all over the nation. However, from the incoming religious believes the Romans adopted a number of them and followed them. This left the Romans divided as they did into have their own established religion (Warrior, 7). In the ancient times, religion was interconnected with politics, and it is the politicians who taught the religion as it was treated to be a public matter and not at the individual level. In addition to this, they performed rituals, which were a sign of believe rs and dedication to their gods and goddesses. From the case of Roman religion, it is clear that various rituals were performed which were pivotal in the interaction between the people and the gods/goddesses. Rituals were marked by several event celebrations and public events.